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Stamped Grid vs Expanded Grid: Optimizing Lead-Acid Battery Manufacturing for Cost and Performance | MINHUA Group

2025-02-21

Technical Comparison Module (Infographic-Friendly)

1. Core Process Principles

Parameter Expanded Grid (拉網工藝) Stamped Grid (沖網工藝)
Material Prep Molten lead → Continuous casting (0.8-2.0mm strip) Molten lead → Continuous rolling (1.2-3.0mm strip)
Forming Method Punching + Mechanical stretching (18-25m/min) Precision stamping (300-500 strokes/min)
Dimensional Tolerance ±0.2mm ±0.05mm (mold-dependent)
Key Equipment Expanding machine Progressive die stamping press

Key Differences:

  • Stamped grids rely on high-precision molds (±0.05mm) for complex geometries; expanded grids prioritize flexibility with lower precision.
  • Battery plates (3)
    Battery plates (1)
    Battery plates (2)

2. Performance Metrics

2.1 Mechanical Strength (ASTM E8 Standard)
Test Parameter Expanded Grid Stamped Grid
Tensile Strength 38-42 MPa 55-62 MPa
Elongation at Break 15-18% 8-12%
Fatigue Life (Cycles) 5,000 8,000+

ASTM E8 Compliance:

  • Gauge length: 4D (E8) or 5D (E8M) for consistent specimen preparation.
  • Strain rate: 0.015±0.006 mm/mm/min (closed-loop control).
2.2 Production Economics (USD/10k Units)
Cost Category Expanded Grid Stamped Grid
Tooling Cost 0 700-1,200
Energy Cost 120 180
Scrap Recycling 25 85
Total Cost 145 965+

Key Insight:

  • Stamped grids incur 75% tooling costs, viable only for mass production; expanded grids reduce scrap rates by 70%, ideal for cost-sensitive projects.
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Industry Application Guide

3. Recommended Scenarios

Technology Applications
Expanded Grid ? Automotive SLI batteries (>100k units/month)
? Cost-sensitive ESS projects (40% lower CAPEX)
? Standardized grid designs (diamond/rectangular patterns)
Stamped Grid ? Start-stop/deep-cycle batteries (>1,200 cycles, per IEC 61427)
? Custom geometries (honeycomb/radial grids)
? High-precision tolerance (thickness variation < ±0.1mm)

Scenario Analysis:

  • Start-Stop Systems: Stamped grids’ tensile strength (55-62 MPa) and fatigue life (8,000+ cycles) meet frequent charge-discharge demands.
  • ESS Projects: Expanded grids’ total cost (145 USD/10k units) suits CAPEX-sensitive deployments, with standardized designs enabling scalability.

Innovation Trends & References

  1. Advanced Grid Geometries: Stamped grids enable 18% higher active material loading via honeycomb structures, validated in grid-forming ESS projects (e.g., Xinjiang Bazhou Shared ESS).
  2. Mold Technology: GREE’s ±0.001mm precision molds and 380-strokes/min stamping speed are accelerating adoption in premium EV batteries.

Battery plates (3)
Battery plates (1)
Battery plates (2)

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