??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????????
??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? (UPS), ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ????? ?? ??????, ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????. ???????????, ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????, ?????? ????????????? ????? ????, ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ????.
1. ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????????
| ????? ????? | ???? | ????? | ???????? ?????? |
|---|---|---|---|
| ????–????? (?????/????? ???????? ???????????????/????) | ??? ???????; ????? ?? ?????????????; ??? ??????? | ??? ????? ??????; ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??. | UPS, ????? ???, ?????? ????? ????? ??????? |
| ???????-??? | ??? ????? ??????; ???? ????? ??? ????; ???????? | ??? ??? ???????; ????? ???????? ??????? (BMS) ?????? ??. | ?????? ??????????, ???????? ???? ????, ?????? ???? |
| ?????-????????? (NiCd) | ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????; ?????? ???????? | ??? ?????; ???????? ????? ?????? ????? | ????????? ?????, ??? ??????? ???????? |
2. ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????
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IEC 60896-21/22: ?????? ????-???? ????? ??????????????? ?? ??????? ?????
-
?????? 450: UPS ?? ??????????? ??? ???? ????-???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????
-
????? 1989: ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????????
-
????? ????????: ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????, ???? ?????? ???, ?????? ????? ???????? ??????????
??????, ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? (SOPs) ??????? ?????.
3. ????? ???????? ?? ????????
-
?????? ????????
-
???? ????????: ?????????, ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????.
-
??????? ?? ????????: ????????? ?????; ????????? 8–12 N·m ????? ?? ?? ??.
-
-
???????? ????????
-
????????: 20-25 °C (????? 30 °C) ?????? ????.
-
??????? ???????????: ??????? ????????? ???? 60% ? ??? ????
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?????????: ?????????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ≥0.5 m/s ??.
-
-
?????? ??????
-
??? ???????????: ?????? ??? ???? ±0.02 V ????????????
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??????? ?????????????? (????–?????): 1.265–1.280 g/cm3
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????????? ??????????: ≤5 mΩ (???????/???????? ???? ????? ??); AC ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????
-
-
??????? ???????? (DCS/BMS)
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????? ??????? (SOC), ?????? ??????? (SOH), ???????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????
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??????? ?????? ??????: ???: ???????? >28 °C ?? ?????????? >5% ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????????.
-
4. ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????
| ????? | ????????????? | ?????? ?? ????????? |
|---|---|---|
| ?????? | ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? | IEEE 450 ?????? A ???? ??????? |
| ?????? | ??? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?????????????? | ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????????????; ± 0.5% ???????????? |
| ???????? | ????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? | IEC 60896?21 ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? |
| ???????? | ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????????? | ?????: 2.25–2.30 V/????; ???????: 2.40 V/???? |
| ??? ??????? 2-3 ?? ???? | ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? | ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??????????? ≥80% |
???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????, ??????, ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???.
5. ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????
-
???????? ?????? ????? (PPE): ??????? ?? ?????????, ??????? ???????, ???????-?????????? ?????????
-
???? ????? ?????????: ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????; ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????.
-
???? ?????? ??????????: ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????; ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????.
-
???? ?????: ABC ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????; ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????.
????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????.
6. ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????????????
-
?????? ?????? ???? ???: ???????? ????? ????? ?????? C/10 ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????.
-
??? ????????????: ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? BMS ???? ????????? ?????; ??? ??????? ??? ????????????? ?????.
-
?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???: ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?????; ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????
?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????.
??????
?????????? ??????????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? - ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????, ??????????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????? ????. ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???????-?????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????.