Umhlahlandlela Wochwepheshe Wokulondolozwa Kwebhethri Yezimboni
Amabhethri ezimboni asebenza njengamayunithi okugcina amandla abalulekile ku-Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS), iziteshi eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana ngocingo, amasistimu kagesi ezimo eziphuthumayo, izikhungo zedatha, kanye nempahla yokuphatha impahla kagesi. Uhlelo lokulungisa oluhlelekile, olusekelwe kumazinga luthuthukisa ukuphila kwebhethri isikhathi eside, lukhulise ukwethembeka kwesistimu, futhi lunciphise izindleko zokusebenza.
1. Izinhlobo Zebhethri Eziyinhloko Nokuqhathaniswa Kwesici
| Uhlobo Lwebhethri | Izinzuzo | Ukubi | Izicelo Ezijwayelekile |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Lead-Acid (Vrla/AGM/GEL) | Izindleko eziphansi; ukwethembeka okuqinisekisiwe; ukugcinwa okulula | Ukuminyana kwamandla okuphansi; ezwelayo ekushintshashintsheni kwezinga lokushisa | I-UPS, amandla ayisipele, ingqalasizinda ye-telecom |
| I-Lithium-Ion | Ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu; impilo yomjikelezo omude; engasindi | Izindleko zeyunithi ephezulu; idinga i-Battery Management System (BMS) | Ama-forklift kagesi, isitoreji se-microgrid, ama-EVs |
| I-Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd) | Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu; ukukhishwa okuzinzile | Umphumela wenkumbulo; ukukhathazeka kokulahlwa kwemvelo | Isipele se-Aerospace, izindawo zokushisa eziphezulu |
2. Amazinga Okugcina kanye Nezinkomba Zokulawula
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I-IEC 60896-21/22: Ukusebenza kwebhethri le-asidi eholayo emile nezindlela zokuhlola
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IBE 450: Inkambiso enconyiwe yokuhlolwa kokunakekelwa kwamabhethri e-lead-acid ye-UPS namandla okulinda
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UL 1989: Izinga lokuphepha le Ups Systems
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Imithetho yendawo: Imihlahlandlela Kazwelonke Yokuphatha Amandla, amakhodi okuphepha emlilweni, amazinga emboni yezokuxhumana
Sungula Izinqubo Zokusebenza Ezijwayelekile (ama-SOP) eziqondaniswe nalawa mazinga ukuze uqinisekise imisebenzi yokulungisa engaguquki, ephephile, futhi ethobelayo.
3. Ukuhlola Nokuqapha Kwansuku zonke
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Ukuhlola Okubonakalayo
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Ubuqotho bendawo ebiyelwe: akukho mifantu, ukugoqa, noma ukuvuza
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Amatheminali nezixhumi: akukho ukugqwala; i-torque iqiniswe ku-8–12 N·m
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Ukuqapha Imvelo
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Izinga lokushisa: gcina u-20–25 °C (ubukhulu obungu-30 °C)
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Umswakama Ohlobene:
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Ukungenisa umoya: ukugeleza komoya ≥0.5 m/s ukuze kuhlakazwe igesi ye-hydrogen
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Izilinganiso zikagesi
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Amandla kagesi weseli: ±0.02 V ukunemba kuwo wonke amaseli
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Amandla adonsela phansi athile (lead–asidi): 1.265–1.280 g/cm3
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Ukuphikiswa kwangaphakathi: ≤5 mΩ (kuyahlukahluka ngomthamo/ngokucaciswa); sebenzisa i-AC impedance analyzer
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Ukuqapha ku-inthanethi (DCS/BMS)
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Ukulandelela okuqhubekayo kwe-State of Charge (SOC), Isimo Sezempilo (SOH), izinga lokushisa, nokumelana kwangaphakathi
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Ama-alamu e-Threshold: isb, izinga lokushisa > 28 °C noma ukunyuka kokumelana > no-5% kubangela umyalelo wokulungisa
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4. Ukugcinwa Kwezikhathi Nezinqubo Zokuhlola
| Isikhawu | Umsebenzi | Indlela & Okujwayelekile |
|---|---|---|
| Maviki onke | Isheke elibonakalayo netorque yetheminali | Irekhodi nge-IEEE 450 Annex A |
| Nyanga zonke | I-voltage yeseli namandla adonsela phansi athile | I-voltmeter elinganisiwe ne-hydrometer; ±0.5% ukunemba |
| Ngekota | Ukuphikiswa kwangaphakathi namandla | Indlela yokukhishwa kwe-Pulse nge-IEC 60896-21 |
| Minyaka yonke | Ishaja yokulinganisa nokuqinisekiswa kwejika lejika lokuntanta | Ukuntanta: 2.25-2.30 V / iseli; Ukulinganisa: 2.40 V/cell |
| Njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3 | Ukuhlolwa kokukhishwa okujulile nokuhlolwa kokusebenza | ≥80% womthamo olinganiselwe wokuphasa |
Gcina amarekhodi e-elekthronikhi anemininingwane yosuku, abasebenzi, okokusebenza, kanye nemiphumela ukuze kulandeleke.
5. Ukuvikela Ukuphepha kanye Nezinqubo Eziphuthumayo
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Izinto Zokuzivikela Zomuntu Siqu (PPE): Amagilavu ??angafakwanga, izibuko zokuphepha, amagilavu ??amelana namakhemikhali
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Ukuvimbela Ukujikeleza Okufushane: Sebenzisa amathuluzi afakiwe; nqamula ibhasi elikhulu ngaphambi kwesevisi
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I-Acid Spill Response: Ingathathi hlangothi nge-sodium bicarbonate; hashaza indawo ethintekile ngamanzi
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Ukucindezelwa Komlilo: Gcina izicishamlilo ze-ABC ezomile endaweni; ungasebenzisi amanzi emlilweni kagesi
Yenza ukuvivinya okujwayelekile ukuze uqinisekise ukulungela ukuphendula okuphuthumayo.
6. Ukuxilongwa Kwephutha Nokuthuthukiswa Kokugcina
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Ukufiphala Kwekhono Okusheshisiwe: Yenza ukuhlaziywa kwejika lokukhishwa kwe-C/10 ukuze ukhombe isigaba sokuwohloka
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Ukungalingani Kweseli: Hlaziya idatha ye-BMS ukuze ubone ama-drain e-parasitic noma amaseli abuthakathaka; buyisela amayunithi ahlulekayo ngamanye
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Ukushisa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokushaja: Hlanganisa izingodo ezishisayo namaphrofayili wokushaja; thuthukisa isu lamanje nelokupholisa
Khulisa ukulungiswa kokubikezela ngokuhlanganisa ama-algorithms okufunda komshini nedatha yomlando ukuze ubikezele amathrendi ezempilo futhi uhlele ukungenelela okusebenzayo.
Isiphetho
Uhlelo lokunakekela oluchwepheshile—olusekelwe ezimisweni zamazwe ngamazwe, ukuqapha okuqhutshwa idatha, nokuhlaziya okubikezelayo—uqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu ebhethri ezimbonini asebenza kahle, ngokwethembeka, futhi ngokuphepha. Izinhlangano kufanele ziqhubeke zenza ngcono izimiso zazo zokulungisa futhi zithole izixazululo zokuqapha ezihlakaniphile ukuze zithole ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.